The roman side of Santa Olaia (Figueira da Foz, Portugal) – a possible interpretation based on material culture

Abstract

Although with a long occupation, Santa Olaia is mostly known for its evidence of the Iron Age. However, the remaining phases are of equal importance for understanding its regional affirmation strategy over time. In this case, based on the review of the documentation and remains from the archaeological excavations carried out, the aim is to compile the elements referring to the Roman occupation of the site and propose a narrative framework. The analysis of the gathered data seems to indicate a persistent occupation from the Republican period to the beginning of the 6th century, marked, however, by the notion of cyclical transfiguration of the site. Given the variations observed in the archaeological record, potential lines of interpretation are presented to explain the changes in the functional nature and relevance of this emblematic site of the Mondego estuary.